De-acidify the tumour so T cells can work in it
Tumours are acidic, and immune cells stop working in acid. Neutralising that acid, or blocking the pumps that create it, might let immunotherapy work.
Tumour lactate export via MCT1 and MCT4 acidifies the microenvironment and directly impairs T-cell and natural killer cell function, while feeding regulatory T cells. Oral buffer therapy reversed acid-mediated immune exclusion in mouse models, and MCT1 inhibitors have been in early clinical trials. Nobody has tested pH modulation with a pH-imaging readout in patients receiving checkpoint blockade.
- Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment · Most tumours keep the immune system out or asleep, so immunotherapy helps only a minority.
- No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy · Checkpoint drugs cure some patients and do nothing for most. We still cannot tell the two apart before treating.
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not linked directly; found by shared links- IdeaClear the suppressive neutrophils out of pancreatic tumours first
Shares Hot vs cold tumours, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
- IdeaReprogramme suppressive macrophages instead of trying to delete them
Shares Hot vs cold tumours, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
- IdeaBlock the complement signal that recruits tumour-protecting cells
Shares Hot vs cold tumours, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
- IdeaGrow immune command posts inside tumours
Shares Hot vs cold tumours, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Melanoma.
- IdeaMake every cold tumour hot: a coordinated programme to reprogramme immune-excluded tumours
Shares Hot vs cold tumours, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
- IdeaTest protein and resistance training during immunotherapy
Shares Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Melanoma, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
- IdeaTest a high-fibre diet as an immunotherapy adjunct
Shares Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Melanoma, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.
- IdeaTurn one tumour into a vaccine to treat all the others
Shares Hot vs cold tumours, Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment, No one can predict who responds to immunotherapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors.