Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)
Immune cells that have got inside the tumour. More of them means better outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer.
Stromal TILs scored on H&E (International TILs Working Group). In TNBC, each 10% increase reduces recurrence risk; stage I tumours with TILs ≥50% have >90% 5-year survival without chemotherapy, driving de-escalation trials. Also the raw material for TIL therapy.
This trial supplied the randomised proof that was missing for TIL therapy and showed academic centres can run cell-therapy phase 3 trials without industry. It supports TIL as a standard option after checkpoint inhibitor failure in melanoma and underpinned reimbursement in the Netherlands. The comparator, ipilimumab, is itself only modestly effective in this setting, and overall survival did not differ significantly.
Lifileucel proved that Steven Rosenberg's decades-old TIL concept could be industrialised into a licensed product and gave patients with checkpoint-refractory melanoma, who otherwise have few options, a chance of durable remission. It is the first cell therapy approved for any solid tumour. The treatment requires surgery to harvest tumour, hospitalisation for lymphodepletion and IL-2, and specialised centres, so its reach is limited.
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not linked directly; found by shared links- Company10x Genomics
Shares Map which tumour clones sit next to which immune cells before choosing therapy, Standards for spatial and multiplex tissue biomarkers before they reach the clinic, Spatial-omics-guided treatment selection, Turn the map of immune cells inside a tumour into a standardised test.
- TermHot vs cold tumours
Shares Map which tumour clones sit next to which immune cells before choosing therapy, Standards for spatial and multiplex tissue biomarkers before they reach the clinic, Grow tumour organoids together with the patient's own immune cells, Spatial-omics-guided treatment selection.
- ProductLifileucel
Shares Select patients for cell therapy by whether their tumour holds reactive T cells, Rohaas 2022: the first randomised trial of TIL therapy, against ipilimumab, in advanced melanoma, C-144-01: lifileucel, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes grown from a patient's own tumour, in melanoma after checkpoint inhibitors have failed, TIL therapy.
- TechnologySingle-cell & spatial profiling
Shares Map which tumour clones sit next to which immune cells before choosing therapy, Standards for spatial and multiplex tissue biomarkers before they reach the clinic, Spatial-omics-guided treatment selection, Grow immune command posts inside tumours.
- CompanyIovance Biotherapeutics
Shares Select patients for cell therapy by whether their tumour holds reactive T cells, C-144-01: lifileucel, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes grown from a patient's own tumour, in melanoma after checkpoint inhibitors have failed, TIL therapy.
- ProductAldesleukin (high-dose IL-2)
Shares Rohaas 2022: the first randomised trial of TIL therapy, against ipilimumab, in advanced melanoma, C-144-01: lifileucel, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes grown from a patient's own tumour, in melanoma after checkpoint inhibitors have failed, TIL therapy.
- PersonJohn Haanen
Shares Select patients for cell therapy by whether their tumour holds reactive T cells, Rohaas 2022: the first randomised trial of TIL therapy, against ipilimumab, in advanced melanoma, TIL therapy.
- CompanyBostonGene
Shares Spatial-omics-guided treatment selection, Turn the map of immune cells inside a tumour into a standardised test.