Leukaemia (tissue type)
Cancer of the blood-forming cells in the bone marrow, which flood the blood with immature or abnormal white cells and crowd out normal blood production. It has no single lump to remove.
Leukaemias are classed as acute (fast, immature cells, needs urgent treatment) or chronic (slow, more mature cells), and as myeloid or lymphoid by the cell lineage: AML, ALL, CML and CLL. Because leukaemia cells are accessible in blood and marrow, they were the first cancers to be treated with combination chemotherapy (childhood ALL, 1960s), the first with a targeted drug (imatinib for CML, 2001), the first with CAR-T (ALL, 2017), and the first where measuring residual disease guided therapy. Along with lymphomas and myeloma they form the haematological malignancies, which make up roughly a tenth of all cancers.
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