Hallmark: resisting cell death

Resisting cell death is the hallmark by which cancer cells disable their self-destruct programmes, chiefly apoptosis.

BCL-2 family overexpression, p53 loss, IAP upregulation, and autophagy dependence. BH3 mimetics (venetoclax) restore apoptosis; ferroptosis and necroptosis are alternative death routes being exploited.

Cancer biology: what this kind of term is about · animated schematic, not to scale

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reviewCell 2000

The Hallmarks of Cancer: six capabilities every tumour must acquire

The hallmarks are the mental map most oncologists and researchers use to think about what cancer is and where drugs act. A newcomer can understand nearly every therapy as an attack on one hallmark: kinase inhibitors on proliferative signalling, checkpoint blockade on immune evasion, anti-VEGF drugs on angiogenesis.

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Hallmark: enabling replicative immortality
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Hallmark: evading growth suppressors
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Enabling characteristic: genome instability and mutation
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Hallmark: inducing or accessing vasculature
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Hallmark: activating invasion and metastasis
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Hallmark: sustaining proliferative signalling
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Hallmark (2022): senescent cells
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Hallmark (2022): polymorphic microbiomes
Shares Hallmarks of Cancer and the tag hallmark.

Hallmark: resisting cell death

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