ELN 2022 risk classification
The three-tier system (favourable, intermediate, adverse) that decides how aggressively an adult with AML is treated and whether a transplant is recommended.
The European LeukemiaNet 2022 update classifies AML by genetics: favourable (t(8;21), inv(16), NPM1 without FLT3-ITD, bZIP in-frame CEBPA); intermediate (NPM1 with FLT3-ITD, FLT3-ITD without NPM1, t(9;11)); adverse (TP53, complex/monosomal karyotype, myelodysplasia-related mutations, KMT2A rearrangements other than t(9;11), inv(3), t(6;9)). FLT3-ITD allelic ratio was dropped in 2022 because FLT3 inhibitors changed the outlook. Companion ELN MRD recommendations define molecular and flow thresholds.
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