Sidney Farber
In 1947-48 he showed that the folate antagonist aminopterin could send childhood leukaemia into remission, the first drug ever to do so. He then built Dana-Farber and, with Mary Lasker, won the 1971 National Cancer Act.
Sidney Farber (1903-1973) was a paediatric pathologist at Children's Hospital Boston who, in 1947, tested Yellapragada Subbarow's folic acid antagonists in children with acute leukaemia, a disease then universally and quickly fatal. His June 1948 New England Journal of Medicine paper reported temporary remissions in ten of sixteen children given aminopterin, the first demonstration that a drug could reverse a cancer, and the origin of methotrexate and of chemotherapy as a discipline. He founded the Children's Cancer Research Foundation in 1947, which became the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and the 1948 Jimmy Fund broadcast gave it a public base. In the 1950s he showed actinomycin D was active in Wilms tumour. With Mary Lasker he was the most effective scientific witness in the campaign for federal cancer funding that produced the National Cancer Act of 1971.
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