Jimmie Holland
A psychiatrist who set up the first full-time psychiatry service in a cancer hospital at Memorial Sloan Kettering in 1977, founded the field's societies and journal, and made distress a vital sign in cancer care.
Jimmie Holland (1928-2017) trained in psychiatry in Texas and moved to New York with her husband, the oncologist James Holland. In 1977 she founded the Psychiatry Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, the first full-time service of its kind, at a time when a patient's emotional state was regarded as outside the oncologist's remit and often not discussed. She founded the International Psycho-Oncology Society in 1984 and the American Psychosocial Oncology Society in 1986, edited the first textbook of psycho-oncology, and launched the journal Psycho-Oncology. She led the NCCN panel that defined distress as the sixth vital sign and produced the Distress Thermometer, a single-item screen now used in cancer centres worldwide. Her later work focused on the psychological needs of older patients.
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