Molecular response (MMR, MR4, treatment-free remission)
In chronic myeloid leukaemia, how far the leukaemia gene signal in the blood has fallen, measured in logs: a 1,000-fold drop is a major molecular response, a 10,000-fold drop (MR4) is 'deep'. Deep responses held for two years let some patients stop their pills.
Quantitative PCR for BCR::ABL1 transcripts on the International Scale defines milestones: ≤10% at 3 months (early molecular response), ≤1% (complete cytogenetic response equivalent), ≤0.1% (MMR) by 12 months, ≤0.01% (MR4) and ≤0.0032% (MR4.5). Missing milestones triggers a switch of TKI. Sustained deep response for at least two years permits a supervised stop; about half stay in treatment-free remission and the rest regain response on restarting (EURO-SKI). 'Molecular relapse' is a rising transcript before any clinical sign. The concept is being borrowed for ctDNA-guided stopping in solid tumours.
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not linked directly; found by shared links- Key paperIRIS: imatinib versus interferon plus cytarabine as first treatment for chronic myeloid leukaemia
- TermPh-positive ALL
- InstitutionSeoul St. Mary's Hospital
- TermQT prolongation
Shares Nilotinib, Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI).
- TargetBCR::ABL1 (Philadelphia chromosome)
- TermOn-target resistance mutations (gatekeeper, solvent-front, compound)
Shares Asciminib, Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI).
- TermMaintenance therapy
Shares Fixed-duration vs continuous therapy, Undetectable MRD (uMRD / MRD-negative).
- CancerChronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)