University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center

UW Carbone is one of the original NCI comprehensive centres (1973) and grew out of the McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, founded in 1940 as the first US university department devoted to cancer research. Charles Heidelberger synthesised 5-fluorouracil at McArdle in 1957; Howard Temin discovered reverse transcriptase here (Nobel Prize 1975); Rock Mackie invented TomoTherapy, the first CT-integrated intensity-modulated radiotherapy system. Paul Sondel's anti-GD2 immunotherapy programme helped establish dinutuximab for neuroblastoma through the Children's Oncology Group, and Douglas McNeel develops DNA vaccines for prostate cancer. The centre is named for Paul Carbone, long-time chair of ECOG.