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drugsProductApproved1971🇪🇺🇬🇧🇯🇵🇨🇳🇦🇺

Progestins (megestrol acetate, medroxyprogesterone, levonorgestrel IUD)

Progesterone-like hormones that can reverse early endometrial cancer in women who want to keep their uterus, and control advanced hormone-sensitive disease.

Fertility-sparing therapy for grade 1, stage IA endometrioid cancer or atypical hyperplasia (oral progestin or levonorgestrel IUD; complete response ~70-80% within 12 months, relapse ~30%). In advanced ER/PR-positive low-grade disease, progestins, alternating with tamoxifen (GOG-119), or aromatase inhibitors with CDK4/6 inhibitors (PALEO, NRG-GY019) give durable control with minimal toxicity.

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Megestrol acetate
PubChem
Modality
Hormonal therapy (progestin)
Mechanism
Progesterone receptor agonism suppresses ER-driven proliferation and induces glandular differentiation of endometrial epithelium.
Brand / code
Megace; Mirena (IUD)
Dosing & schedule
Route
Oral or intrauterine
Schedule
Megestrol 160 mg daily; levonorgestrel 52 mg IUD; re-biopsy every 3-6 months in fertility-sparing use
Monitoring
Endometrial sampling, weight, thrombosis risk
Medicare
Part D (self-administered)

Oral, self-administered, so it is a Part D drug: covered through a stand-alone Part D plan or Medicare Advantage drug benefit, usually on the specialty tier with 25 to 33% coinsurance until the annual cap ($2,000 in 2025, $2,100 in 2026). Megestrol and medroxyprogesterone are generic Part D drugs. The levonorgestrel IUD is placed by a clinician and billed under Part B, and is a $0 preventive benefit in most commercial plans under the ACA when used for contraception.

Commercial insurance
covered on label

Multi-source generic on low-cost tiers; usually no prior authorisation. Cash prices without insurance are modest.

Sources: Medicare.gov: Drug coverage (Part D) · Medicare.gov: Costs for Medicare drug coverage (annual out-of-pocket cap). Not medical or financial advice; verify with your plan.

Not appraisedSearch NICE
Notes
Generic progestins and the levonorgestrel IUD; funded routinely, no TA.
NHS England
Routinely funded for the appraised indication (or via managed access)

Sources: NICE search: progestins. Funding decisions are indication-specific and change monthly; verify with NICE and your treating team.

Regulatory

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Approvals

RegionYearIndication
US1971Palliative treatment of advanced endometrial and breast cancer (megestrol)

Safety

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Toxicity profile
Adverse eventAny gradeGrade 3+
Weight gain
30%
Venous thromboembolism

Increased risk with high-dose oral progestins. Events listed without rates were not read from a primary source; see the label. Blank cells mean the figure was not sourced, not that it is zero.

Trials

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ClinicalTrials.gov · phase 2/3
refreshed 2026-09-09
94 studies13 recruiting56 Phase 253 Phase 3
Search “Progestins” on ClinicalTrials.gov →
Counts are from a name search and may include unrelated studies; up to 100 studies are summarised.

Recruiting now (live from ClinicalTrials.gov)

Recruiting trials near you · live from ClinicalTrials.gov
Progestins (megestrol acetate, medroxyprogesterone, levonorgestrel IUD)
intervention: Progestins
Open on ClinicalTrials.gov →

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Latest papers

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Literature trend67 papers in the last 12 months+29% vs prior 12How this is computed
Latest papers · live from Europe PMC
Open in Europe PMC

Query for this drug: (TITLE:"Progestins" OR ABSTRACT:"Progestins" OR TITLE:"megestrol acetate, medroxyprogesterone, levonorgestrel IUD" OR ABSTRACT:"megestrol acetate, medroxyprogesterone, levonorgestrel IUD" OR TITLE:"Megace; Mirena" OR ABSTRACT:"Megace; Mirena") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Progestins (megestrol acetate, medroxyprogesterone, levonorgestrel IUD), not a curated reading list.

Connected

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