OnCo
drugsProductApproved2017🇪🇺🇬🇧🇯🇵🇨🇳🇦🇺

Avelumab

Avelumab is a PD-L1 blocker given as maintenance after chemotherapy for advanced bladder cancer, which lengthened survival by about seven months.

JAVELIN Bladder 100 (OS 21.4 vs 14.3 months) made avelumab maintenance the standard after platinum in 2020. Also approved in Merkel cell carcinoma and (with axitinib) RCC. Largely displaced in first-line urothelial cancer by EV + pembrolizumab. Merck KGaA / Pfizer.

Schematic of the modality · Monoclonal antibody (anti-PD-L1) · not a molecule; see the Immune checkpoint inhibitors page
How it works, step by step · animated schematic, not to scale
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Mechanism, step by step
auto-advancing · hover to pause

1.Binds PD-L1 on tumour and myeloid cells

Modality
Monoclonal antibody (anti-PD-L1)
Mechanism
Fully human IgG1 anti-PD-L1 with intact Fc (ADCC-capable).
Brand / code
Bavencio
Dosing & schedule
Route
Intravenous
Schedule
800 mg every 2 weeks until progression, started within 10 weeks of last chemotherapy
Medicare
Part B (clinician-administered)

Given by infusion or injection in a clinic or hospital outpatient department, so it is a Part B drug: Medicare pays 80% after the Part B deductible and the patient owes 20% coinsurance, uncapped in Original Medicare unless a Medigap policy applies.

Commercial insurance
covered with prior authorisation

Covered under the medical benefit with prior authorisation confirming diagnosis, biomarker status and line of therapy; site-of-care policies may steer infusions away from hospital outpatient departments.

20% Part B coinsurance on a high-cost infusion adds up quickly: Medigap Plan G or N, Medicare Advantage maximum out-of-pocket, Medicaid dual eligibility, or a charity fund are the usual buffers.

Sources: Medicare.gov: Chemotherapy · Medicare.gov: Prescription drugs (outpatient, Part B). Not medical or financial advice; verify with your plan.

NICE recommendedNICE TA788 · 2022SMC: accepted
Appraised for
Maintenance for urothelial cancer after platinum chemotherapy (JAVELIN Bladder 100)
Notes
Merkel cell carcinoma was appraised in TA517 (2018).
NHS England
Routinely funded for the appraised indication (or via managed access)

Sources: NICE TA788 · SMC advice: avelumab. Funding decisions are indication-specific and change monthly; verify with NICE and your treating team.

Regulatory

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Approvals

RegionYearIndication
US2017Merkel cell carcinoma; urothelial cancer after platinum (accelerated)
US2020Maintenance after first-line platinum in advanced urothelial cancer

Safety

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Toxicity profile
Adverse eventAny gradeGrade 3+
Fatigue
18%
Pruritus
17%
Hypothyroidism
12%
Immune-related grade 3+
7%

Events listed without rates were not read from a primary source; see the label. Blank cells mean the figure was not sourced, not that it is zero.

Trials

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ClinicalTrials.gov · phase 2/3
refreshed 2026-09-09
215 studies7 recruiting92 Phase 28 Phase 3
Search “Avelumab” on ClinicalTrials.gov →
Counts are from a name search and may include unrelated studies; up to 100 studies are summarised.

Recruiting now (live from ClinicalTrials.gov)

Recruiting trials near you · live from ClinicalTrials.gov
Avelumab
intervention: Avelumab
Open on ClinicalTrials.gov →

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Landmark trials in OnCo

Latest papers

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Literature trend182 papers in the last 12 months-2% vs prior 12How this is computed
Latest papers · live from Europe PMC
Open in Europe PMC

Query for this drug: (TITLE:"Avelumab" OR ABSTRACT:"Avelumab" OR TITLE:"Bavencio" OR ABSTRACT:"Bavencio") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Avelumab, not a curated reading list.

Connected

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