OnCo
termsTerm

Downstaging and conversion therapy

aka downstaged, downstage, down-staging, conversion therapy, conversion chemotherapy, conversion to resectable, tumour shrinkage, tumour downsizing, downsizing, within Milan criteria after downstaging, bridging to transplant

Using drugs, radiotherapy or embolisation to shrink a cancer from a stage where curative treatment is impossible to one where it is: for example, shrinking liver metastases until they can be cut out, or liver cancer until it fits transplant criteria.

Downstaging is central to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (patients beyond Milan criteria who respond to TACE or radioembolisation and stay within criteria for 3-6 months achieve post-transplant survival similar to those within criteria from the start, UNOS-DS) and to colorectal liver metastases, where 15-30% of initially unresectable patients become resectable after FOLFOXIRI or doublet plus antibody ('conversion therapy'). Neoadjuvant therapy that converts mastectomy to lumpectomy, or borderline to resectable pancreatic cancer, follows the same logic. Pathological downstaging (ypT/ypN lower than clinical stage) after neoadjuvant therapy is itself a favourable prognostic sign.

Category
Treatment jargon

Connected

10top