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Every payer covers routine care costs for trial participants, in every country

In many places, joining a trial can leave the patient or hospital paying for the ordinary care that goes with it. Making all insurers and public systems cover those costs removes a hidden barrier.

Legislation or payer policy guaranteeing coverage of routine patient care costs during trial participation, as US Medicare has since 2000 and Medicaid since the CLINICAL TREATMENT Act (effective 2022), extended to all private insurers, to national health systems that lack explicit rules, and to public insurers in middle-income countries where trial participation can be blocked by billing uncertainty.

Hypothesis
Jurisdictions adopting explicit routine-cost coverage will see an increase in trial enrolment among publicly insured and lower-income patients within two years.
Rationale
Coverage uncertainty is a documented reason sites do not offer trials to certain patients and hospitals decline to host them. Removing it is cheap for payers because routine care would be paid for anyway.
What would test it
Compare Medicaid-insured trial enrolment before and after the CLINICAL TREATMENT Act across states with and without prior coverage mandates; replicate in a middle-income country adopting the rule.
Maturity
being tested at scale
Who has to act
payer
Cost to try
Medium ($1M to $50M)
Years to first evidence
3
Bottlenecks it attacks

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